Happy May Day

Teacher's Contract 1923

How very fitting that a brilliant Pagan (he knows who he is and I love him) friend from Madrid who finds the most amazing things in archives sent me this 1923 contract intended for a female teacher in Spain. Among the rules she must abide by are: 

must wear at least two slips 

must not fraternize with men

must not go into town and loiter in the ice cream shop

must remain single

must not smoke or drink

must not wear bright colors

must not dye one's hair

must scrub and mop the floors in the classroom

And much more!

On my way home on the revoltingly crowded and stifling subway, I was wondering, have I priced myself out of the dating (let alone marriage market)? I'm looking for an extremely smart, educated, cosmopolitan, and well-read man with a sharp sense of humor but I rarely meet such men. It does give me hope that women friends of mine do have fabulous boyfriends or husbands, who are also friends of mine! 

In the past few months I have met guys who seem fascinating - smart, well-educated, well-traveled, with a perverse sense of humor. They seem to find me interesting but nothing comes of it. So I am starting to wonder, should I pretend to be dumb? Should I relax my incredibly high standards? I definitely won't do the latter. My quality of life is so high that I'd rather not date at all if I have to go out with someone that bores me (or disrespects me, of course). Will I find someone who is up for discussing genocide as well as trash reality TV, politics, or travel? Someone who likes to dance, go to the beach or to the Fairway, try exotic foods, who also reads books and can discuss them intelligently. Someone who will watch grim documentaries as well as Miss Marple episodes on PBS, and maybe even fix my computer or things around the house? (just kidding about the last ones) Someone whose sense of humor is not politically correct? Someone who does not hate cats and isn't afraid of a woman with a very strong personality? No, I am dreaming. 

At least I should be grateful that my current teaching job doesn't entail my scrubbing floors or wearing two slips under my dresses, even if it does seem to destine me for spinsterhood (albeit, in my case, an extremely fabulous and glamorous spinsterhood)!!!!

Opera Chic!

The marvelous paragraph below, taken from a blog called Opera chic (http://operachic.typepad.com/opera_chic/) made my day:

Opera Chic tackled the high-drama night, Daniela Dessì's first Norma, decked out in the girl equivalent of a bulletproof vest -- a vintage Chanel black cashmere shell, Diane von Furstenberg black puff skirt (with pockets...omg how we <3>hat skirt!!). With classic Valentino black Mary Janes and the trusty midollino vintage Gucci bag. A shiny black Fay windbreaker to protect us from the naughty, chilly weather (it's still mild, fall-like weather around here, no summer for Italy yet)."

Thanks to my erudite and hilarious SuizoRican friend for sharing. 

Carmen Miranda

She is one my fashion icons. Her music is absolutely gorgeous. I have not yet seen her movies, sadly. There is a documentary about her called "Carmen Miranda: Bananas Are My Business" and here's an impressive piece of trivia, she practically died on stage, she was found dead of a heart attack in her dressing room, where she had been removing her make-up. 

Priceless quote:

"Look at me and tell me if I don't have Brazil in every curve of my body."

If you want to know more......

http://www.carmenmiranda.com.br/about/films.htm

The Sins of the Fathers.....

The sins of the fathers are vested on the children, or, in this case, the mothers. This takes my running category - Bad 1980s' Fashion Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome to a whole new Meta-level. Madonna, the originator of so much iconic 1980s fashion, who unleashed hundreds of ridiculously unflattering looks emulated by awkward teen-agers as best they could drawing from slim pickings at their local malls (as I can attest, it was quite challenging to emulate her "Like a Virgin" or "Desperately Seeking Susan" looks drawing solely on the Limited at the mall in a small town in SW FL in the 1980s), is now witnessing her own daughter's fashion shandeh. (note: to my horror, I have been spelling one of my favorite Yiddish words, shandeh, incorrectly!!!) Yes, no amount of Kabbalah water or Yogic meditation can negate little Lourdes' over-sized Elvis Costello Ray-Bans worn as seeing glasses (been there, done that), or the over-sized t-shirt, or the all-black attire, and of course the sullen expression and stringy hair. Although something a bit more asymmetrical or multi-hued might be better- it does seem to be veering, God help us, towards a Mullet?

Mass Cabaret

Non-violence in its dynamic condition means conscious suffering. It does not mean meek submission to the will of the evil-doer, but it means the pitting of one's whole should against the will of the tyrant. Working under this law of our being, it is possible for a single individual to defy the whole might of an unjust empire to save his honour, his religion, his soul and lay the foundation for that empire's fall or its regeneration.

Source: The Mind of Mahatma Gandhi - SEE http://www.mkgandhi.org/

Day of Desperation 1991 NYC

Today, the Reverend Al Sharpton called for a series of non-violent mass actions to shut NYC down in protest of the Sean Bell verdict, to denounce the prison-industrial complex and the structural racism that leads to injustices in the economic and criminal systems. I have been asking myself: Why is it that so many of us seem to have given up on non-violent civil disobedience as a tactic? Are we stymied by the police state instituted under the Bush regime and especially following 9/11? Or are we simply complacent?

Seeing Jesusa Rodriguez speak about Mass Cabaret in Mexico at Columbia University a few weeks ago inspired me and depressed me at the same time -- in Mexico millions of people have refused to accept a stolen election (sound familiar?) and are actively resisting economic policies that favor multinational corporations at the expense of Mexican citizens. Artists like Rodriguez have joined the effort, orchestrating performative, carnivalesque, and free-form manifestations as a way to recruit and empower participants and divert energy away from violence. This particular aspect of her talk impressed me - she said that once you get millions of people somewhere and tension rises, you have to be able to avoid any eruption of violence. She added that women tend to lead affinity groups and the heads of marches which makes it harder for the police to attack the group as a whole. 

She described the movement as comprised of smaller groups that then gather to make interventions - for example a group will show up at a Wal-Mart, appear to be shopping and then suddenly erupt into a protest of the chain's corporate policies in Mexico, effectively paralyzing the store for several minutes. Or, small affinity groups orchestrate actions and travel together to meet other small groups - adding up to hundreds of thousands or millions depending on the event. 

When I talk to younger people about what it was like to participate in ACT-UP many have no idea what it is, and it  seems to me like they see me as as a pitiful older person going down memory lane, discussing a palpably unrealistic situation. But I have friends that were shutting down Ivy Leagues with SDS, marching in the South in the 1960s, Quakers blocking off nuclear power plants in the 1980s (does anyone remember that?), or going on hunger strikes in Vieques a few years ago. 

And I participated in a number of protests led by ACT-UP and other groups in the late 1980s and early 1990s, so I know that it is possible to organize non-violent civil disobedience actions that will raise consciousness and make an impact on political and economic elites that leads to change. ACT-UP infiltrated the mass media and health care industry like a virus - and participants such as the late artist and one of my heroes, Felix Gonzalez-Torres referred to the term "viral strategy" of infiltration as relevant to both art and politics. ACT-UP continue to create change to educate about the disease and make drugs accessible to more people. 

For example, on January 23, 1991, I was one of hundreds of people that walked into Grand Central Station a few minutes before rush hour. Each of us was part of a small group, lawyers took our names, in order to assist us in case of arrest. Leaders within the crowd choreographed the action, and we knew that if a whistle blew, we had to lie on the floor, and if it blew again, we had to rise. Like a virus we infiltrated the public space, as in a ballet, we lay down and got up, again and again. Others handed out flyers to startled commuters explaining that we were shutting down mass transit for 8 minutes, one AIDS death every 8 minutes was the message of this action, part of several that took place to mark a Day of Desperation. ACT-UP linked the debts incurred by the US Government to pursue the (first) Gulf War, and its neglect of domestic issues, among them the AIDS crisis. 

When the 8 minutes passed, a banner was draped over the board with the slogan, as you see in the photo above. At some point, groups of us then moved to the entrances and exits and linked arms, preventing anyone from going to their trains or exiting the space. We held our ground for what seemed like an eternity but could have been minutes, I remember being knocked to the ground by a big White guy carrying a briefcase. He tackled me but when I hit the ground, my arm was still linked to my friend's. God forbid that he should be inconvenienced, his progress to Stamford fucking Connecticut interrupted by thoughts of a few faggots dying. Then we moved outside and sat on the street, paralyzing traffic. At this point, the police paddy wagons pulled up and I got up and walked away. We always had a choice to be arrested, or not. Over 200 people were arrested that day.

Now we're in the middle (?) of the Second Gulf War and things have changed:

After 9/11 NYC became a militarized zone. Emulating London, surveillance cameras were placed in most public and private spaces. (I have such a system in my own apartment building, a channel on my TV allows me to see movement in several areas, my own little panopticon) The day before yesterday, they announced that military type police units with "rifles, submachine guns, body armor and bomb-sniffing dogs" (source: Alison Gendar, "Doomsday police units to patrol city subways," Daily News, 4/24/08, p.5) will occupy certain subway stops in the city. I had noticed the bomb-sniffing dogs lately but these groups, which almost out-numbered passengers on Thursday at mid-morning when I exited at Union Square, sending me into a momentary panic. Why? Because I grew up living in and visiting Spain under Franco's dictatorship, when paramilitary forces patrolled with machine guns in tow. 

After 9/11, the city was patrolled by National Guard and police and my neighborhood was part of the "Frozen Zone" for a week and later shut down on and off to check for bombs (or to rehearse for such a possibility, one never knew but the fear factor was the same). In the past few years we have seen how the Bloomberg administration has eroded the notion of "public space" and "freedom of speech" when for example bicyclists riding on city roads calling for environmental awareness are arrested for doing so, or when during the Republican Convention open spaces and subway stations leading to them were literally barricaded by phalanxes of armed police (I had to cross such a phalanx to participate in a non-violent candle-light anti-war vigil in Union Square!) and of course when activists were held in improvised holding cells for days until the convention ended, a clear violation of their civil rights. And commuters are subject to bag searches as they enter city subways. In some places in the USA, people are sometimes asked to show ID as a way to persecute undocumented immigrants. (in Spain under the Aznar administration- a successor to Franco under a "democratic" veneer, police carried out searches in public spaces and racially profiled people whom they interrogated and ask for ID; under Franco, all people had to carry their ID at all times and were subject to searches).

Due to the paramilitary-like occupation of city streets here, constant surveillance, and refusal to issue protest permits, many actions seem impossible to carry out today. My guess is that a small group of people gathering to conduct a non-violent act of civil disobedience will arouse suspicion and be apprehended prior to carrying out their purpose. Under Franco, the secret police known as "los grises" would watch public spaces and move in any time a small group gathered and/or conversation veered towards certain topics. I think this is where we are headed. 

I don't think the ACT-UP Grand Central action could happen now. I always acted in a way that was legal given my understanding that we have freedom of expression and assembly in this country. This is what I admire about the USA and do not take for granted, given my own experience with dictatorship. I believe peaceful action and dialogue are the only means to bring about change. So what do we do? Can we organize in large enough numbers so as to make it impossible to shut down public protests? Can we make small interventions such as the Wal-Mart actions in Mexico described above? Is the only sphere of action virtual - for example, viral strategies to interrupt website operations?  Are economic boycotts the answer? I have bowed out of action, save for a few instances where I march to the UN against the war, or participate in small candle light vigils in my neighborhood, for example. I sign petitions, I write letters. I donate money. Is that enough?

This is the description of the "Day of Desperation" from the ACT UP website:

January 23, 1991: ACT UP declares a "Day of Desperation" in New York City. This action, designed to target every aspect of City life, demands that everyone realize that every day is a day of desperation for those in the AIDS community. Day of Desperation begins when activists invaded PBS and CBS Evening News broadcasts on the night of the 22nd. On the 23rd a morning demo begins on Wall St. and more than 2000 protesters marched with coffins that were delivered to City, State & Federal officials responsible for perpetuating the AIDS epidemic. An action at the State Office building in Harlem demands an end to the City homeless shelter system. The housing Committee joins Stand Up Harlem, Emmaus House and various Harlem religious leaders in protesting the lack of housing and services for people with HIV. The march goes down Martin Luther King Blvd. to the State office Bldg, carrying coffins with a demonstration at the plaza. Several people are arrested. The Latino/a Caucus invaded the Bronx Borough President's office; the Alternative and Holistic Committee videotapes Dr. Emilio Carillos as he promises to add immuno-enhancing nutritional programs and acupuncture to City hospitals. At 5:07 pm, Grand Central Station was the setting for a spectacular and massive act of civil disobedience as ACT UP took over the station. A banner announcing "One AIDS Death Every Eight Minutes" was hung over the arrivals board. 263 people are later arrested as the group attempted to march to the United Nations.

Source: http://www.actupny.org/documents/cron-91.html

ACT UP CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE MANUAL:

http://www.actupny.org/documents/CDdocuments/CDindex.html

The Given Name "Darling" Creates Legal Debate in Spain

I haven't had occasion lately to comment on some of my favorite things: news stories about unusual names. But Madrid's EL PAIS daily made my day today (and I was very bitter about the Sean Bell verdict, but more on that later) with an article about a Colombian immigrant who succeeded in overturning a bureaucrat's dictate that she had to change her name from "Darling" to one drawn from a list of Catholic Saints or other acceptable monikers. (Under Franco's dictatorship, one had to choose names taken from a list of Catholic saints, since the regime claimed to be defending Spain's traditions and religion.) Apparently this happens frequently in Spain, as more and more immigrants with unusual names attempt to apply for Spanish citizenship.

Darling ya es un nombre de mujer en España
Una mujer colombiana y española gana el pulso a Administración y mantiene su nombre y su "dignidad"
ELPAÍS.com / AGENCIAS - Madrid - 25/04/2008

Darling Vélez Salazar lleva 33 años siendo Darling Vélez Salazar. Sin embargo, sólo hace 16 meses que es española, ya que nació en Colombia. Esta mujer emigró a España y logró la doble nacionalidad, pero estuvo a punto de perder su nombre por el camino. El Registro Civil de Madrid pretendía que lo cambiara por otro "del santoral" si quería regularizar sus papeles. Sin embargo, Darling se negó, peleó y ganó: tendrán que inscribirla con su verdadero nombre. Esta victoria, en palabras de Darling (cariño, en inglés), le permitirá mantener no sólo su "identidad real", sino también y más importe, su "dignidad". La legislación española, como bien sabe ahora Darling, permite los nombres extranjeros y también de fantasía. Pero al menos otros 12 inmigrantes no lo sabían y han tenido que elegir otro nombre con el que proseguir sus vidas.

A esta mujer se le había concedido la nacionalidad española pero el juez encargado del Registro Civil Único de Madrid no le permitió registrarse con su nombre "al no ser admisible en la legislación española", por lo que le aconsejó que se lo cambiara por otro "de un listado que le mostró o por los del santoral", según explica su abogado, Gustavo Fajardo. "Otra mujer que estaba conmigo haciendo el mismo trámite se lo cambió, pero yo no quise, porque era como renunciar a mi identidad y a mi dignidad y atentaba contra mi integridad como persona", dice la propia Darling, que hoy ha comparecido para mostrar su satisfacción junto a miembros de la organización AESCO (América, España, Solidaridad y Cooperación) que le han acompañado en este proceso.

Reconoce que alguna vez, durante los 15 meses que ha estado esperando a que se resolviera su caso, cayó en el desánimo, ya que quedó suspendida su inscripción como española, y pensó en que debería ceder a las normas impuestas en el registro. "Pero al final seguí, porque quería que en mi documentación apareciera mi nombre", asegura Darling, quien explica que en Colombia son normales los anglicismos de este tipo. El abogado de esta asociación, que defiende los derechos de los inmigrantes, ha elogiado el arrojo de Darling porque "ha arriesgado la posibilidad de perder su nacionalidad para intentar que primaran sus derechos como mujer y como persona".

Un "antropónimo de fantasía apto"

Ante estas situaciones, "centenares de inmigrantes que tienen urgencia de coger su DNI, de traerse a su familia o de concluir con el via crucis del papeleo aceptan cambiar su identidad", explica el letrado, quien ha señalado que conoce 24 casos similares y que de ellos 12 han elegido cambiarlo, muchos por uno vasco, "porque no ponen problemas para registrar un nombre vasco, pero sí uno que es legal en Colombia". "El caso de Darling es como una bandera de confrontación contra una política de marginación y de exclusión contra la inmigración porque se negaba un elemento esencial: el ser humano sin el nombre no es ser humano, el nombre es el alma del ser humano", ha añadido Fajardo.

Según el abogado, el Estado debería favorecer la formación de nuevos jueces "con los manuales de la democracia y no con los del franquismo" para evitar que se adoptaran decisiones "arbitrarias" como ésta. En el recurso, que presentó en diciembre de 2006, la defensa sostenía que no procedía la exigencia "por no existir motivo ni causa legal". Su abogado alegaba que no es indecoroso ni atenta contra el orden público y que, en cambio, la exigencia de cambiarlo sí que atenta contra un principio internacional de reciprocidad, ya que en Colombia al inscribir a los nacionalizados no les impone esta obligación. Ese nombre, según el abogado -y el sentido común- es un elemento "esencial" de la personalidad de su cliente que no pude cambiarse contra su voluntad por significar un "perjuicio manifiesto, entre otras razones, porque obligaría a la mujer a revisar todos los actos jurídicos en los que ha intervenido a lo largo de su vida y a modificar toda su documentación oficial.

El caso fue resuelto el mes pasado por la Dirección General de los Registros y del Notariado, que estimó el recurso y que estableció que "la contestación ha de ser forzosamente afirmativa, porque Darling ha de ser considerado como un antropónimo de fantasía apto para designar a hombre o mujer y no incurre en ninguna de las prohibiciones" que fija la ley. Así, la Dirección General de los Registros y del Notariado ha revocado el auto del juez encargado del Registro Civil de Madrid, al que ordena que inscriba a Darling con su nombre. La mujer está "muy feliz y contenta porque las cosas habían llegado al punto en el que debían estar", aunque asegura que, en caso de que la Justicia no le hubiese dado la razón, habría llevado el caso "hasta la Corte Suprema de Justicia".

Lo que dice la Ley
El encargado del Registro Civil ha de examinar si el nombre que se solicita es admisible o no conforme a las reglas generales de imposición del nombre y sus limitaciones previstas en los artículos 54 de la Ley de Registro Civil y el 192 del Reglamento del Registro Civil. Estos preceptos determinan, literalmente, lo siguiente:

- Artículo 54 de la Ley de Registro Civil:

En la inscripción se expresará el nombre que se da al nacido, si bien no podrá consignarse más de un nombre compuesto, ni más de dos simples.

Quedan prohibidos los nombres que objetivamente perjudiquen a la persona, así como los diminutivos o variantes familiares y coloquiales que no hayan alcanzado sustantividad, los que hagan confusa la identificación y los que induzcan en su conjunto a error en cuanto al sexo.

No puede imponerse al nacido nombre que ostente uno de sus hermanos, a no ser que hubiera fallecido, así como tampoco su traducción usual a otra lengua.

A petición del interesado o de su representante legal, el encargado del Registro sustituirá el nombre propio de aquél por su equivalente onomástico en cualquiera de las lenguas españolas. (Artículo redactado según Ley 40/1999).

- Art. 192 del Reglamento del Registro Civil:

No se podrán imponer más de dos nombres simples, que se unirán por un guión, o de uno compuesto. Se permiten los nombres extranjeros. Si tuvieren traducción usual a cualquiera de las lenguas españolas, se consignarán en la versión que elija quien haya de imponer el nombre.

Son nombres prohibidos por extravagantes los que por sí o en combinación con los apellidos resulten contrarios al decoro de la persona.

Se prohíbe también cualquier nombre que haga confusa la designación o que induzca en su conjunto a error sobre el sexo.

Nombres abstractos o de fantasía
Tras años y años en los que el franquismo impedía a los españoles llamarse Koldo (Luis en euskera), el criterio aperturista se consagró en 1980, cuando se admitieron "nombres de personajes históricos, mitológicos, legendarios o artísticos, nombres geográficos y, en general nombres abstractos o de fantasía, para cuya interpretación debe tenerse en cuenta la realidad social, cultural y política actual de nuestro país".

Se ha admitido como nombres de fantasía como Mariposa, Brisa Chispa-Mercedes, Muaré, Aiane, Luisalba o Loimar. Asimismo y conforme establece el apartado 3 de la Circular de 2 de julio de 1980: "En principio no pueden considerarse extravagantes, impropios de personas ni subversivos, los nombres que se refieran a valores regidos en la Constitución". Parece que están admitidos vocablos como Libertad, Constitución y otros valores consagrados en la Norma Fundamental.


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